{"id":14708,"date":"2021-07-12T18:27:32","date_gmt":"2021-07-12T18:27:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lifeandstyle.ro\/?p=14708"},"modified":"2021-07-12T21:13:17","modified_gmt":"2021-07-12T21:13:17","slug":"o-calatorie-din-vechiul-bucuresti-spre-modernitate-iluminatul-public","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lifeandstyle.ro\/index.php\/2021\/07\/12\/o-calatorie-din-vechiul-bucuresti-spre-modernitate-iluminatul-public\/","title":{"rendered":"O c\u0103l\u0103torie din vechiul Bucure\u0219ti spre modernitate: iluminatul public"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Azi c\u00e2nd Bucure\u0219iului este plin de reclame luminoase \u0219i num\u0103r\u0103 printre atrac\u021biile sale \u0219i o atractiv\u0103 via\u021b\u0103 de noapte, agita\u021bia cuprinz\u00e2nd Centrul Vechi la l\u0103sarea \u00eentunericului, ne este greu s\u0103 ne imagin\u0103m cum ar\u0103ta acel loc \u00een urm\u0103 cu 200 de ani \u00een vremea Crailor de Curtea Veche. Iluminatul public a \u00eenceput s\u0103 fie luat \u00een considerare \u00een Bucure\u015fti la \u00eenceputul secolului XIX, cu peste un secol dup\u0103 Occident.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Epoca veche. Noi \u0219i Europa<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen urm\u0103 doar cu dou\u0103 secole, ora\u0219ul \u00eentreg era \u00eenv\u0103luit \u00een \u00eentuneric, rar se vedea o lumin\u0103 pe la vreo cas\u0103 boiereasc\u0103 iar mersul pe strad\u0103, dup\u0103 apusul soarelui devenea o aventur\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Gravur\u0103 dup\u0103 un desen al lui Foucault. D\u00e2mbovi\u021ba este foarte lat\u0103, pare c\u0103 se circula cu barca. Se observ\u0103, \u00een fundal Hanul lui Manuc \u0219i turla bisericii Curtea-Veche<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen lume, iluminatul public a schimbat radical via\u021ba ora\u0219elor duc\u00e2nd la schimb\u0103ri comportamentale \u0219i de mentalitate. Era industrial\u0103 a \u00eensemnat o circula\u021bie relativ intens\u0103 a muncitorilor din fabrici diminea\u021ba foarte devreme. Uneori \u0219i seara t\u00e2rziu c\u00e2nd se lucra \u00een schimburi. Str\u0103zile, pie\u021bele urbane trebuiau s\u0103 devin\u0103 locuri sigure iar acest lucru nu se putea \u00eent\u00e2mpla dec\u00e2t dac\u0103 erau luminate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La 1667, Parisul nu era \u00eenc\u0103 un model pentru Bucure\u0219ti. Prea pu\u021bini auziser\u0103 de faptul c\u0103 \u00een acel an acolo se vorbea deja despre necesitatea iluminatului public. Acesta nu se dezvoltase timp de secole \u0219i datorit\u0103 faptului c\u0103 orice surs\u0103 de lumin\u0103 devenea o surs\u0103 de incendiu. Dar documentele ne arat\u0103 c\u0103 spre sf\u00e2r\u0219itil secolului al XVII \u2013lea. lucrurile se schimb\u0103. \u00cen 1696, La Reynie, un locotenent al poli\u0163iei din Paris numit \u00een func\u0163ie de Colbert, dore\u015fte asigurarea securit\u0103\u0163ii Parisului \u015fi a ora\u015felor mari ale regatului conform devizei \u201eclaritate \u015fi siguran\u0163\u0103\u201d. Pentru aceasta ob\u0163ine de la rege o ordonan\u0163\u0103 prin care iluminatul str\u0103zilor a fost declarat obligatoriu \u00een Paris<\/a>. Apoi, \u00een cele mai mari treizeci de ora\u015fe franceze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Masalagii<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

S\u0103 vedem ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpla la Bucure\u0219ti. Reconstituirea este dificil\u0103 fiindc\u0103 adev\u0103ratele documente lipsesc. Str\u0103zile din veacurile trecute fie au disp\u0103rut, fie au fost retrasate. \u00cen ambele cazuri, mobilierul stradal a disp\u0103rut. Documentele vremii vorbesc despre eforturile privind aprovizionarea cu ap\u0103 potabil\u0103 a ora\u0219ului<\/a>, nimic \u00eens\u0103 despre iluminatul public. Se adaug\u0103 la acestea \u0219i faptul c\u0103 nu a existat, p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een ultimii ani niciun interes muzeal pentru astfel de artifacte. La Bucure\u0219ti \u00een secolul al XVIII \u2013 a, ca \u0219i acum, se pare c\u0103 exista ceea ce azi numim via\u021ba de noapte<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Boerii petreceau unii la al\u021bii, se organizau baluri, serate \u0219i chiar serb\u0103ri populare. Pentru a putea circula pe drumurile pline de gropi \u0219i praf, se inventase un sistem foarte original care avea o denumire turceasc\u0103 \u2013 masala. <\/strong>Aceasta era o c\u00e2rp\u0103 \u00eembibat\u0103 \u00een substan\u021be inflamabile, \u00eenf\u0103\u0219urat\u0103 \u00een jurul unei tor\u0163e. Era purtat\u0103 de robii \u021bigani (masalagii) care alergau \u00eenaintea tr\u0103surii boere\u0219ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pentru a asigura c\u00e2t de c\u00e2t siguran\u021ba rarilor trec\u0103tori nocturni, Vod\u0103 Caragea are ini\u021biativa de a obiga trec\u0103torii s\u0103 poarte un felinar aprins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O poveste cu o lady la Bucure\u015fti<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
Lady Carven<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen ultimii ani ai secolului al XVIII-lea. Lady Carven, celebr\u0103 aristocrat\u0103 britanic\u0103, face o c\u0103l\u0103torie \u00een Balcani p\u00e2n\u0103 la Istambul. La \u00eentoarcere se opre\u0219te la Bucure\u0219ti. Particip\u0103 la o serat\u0103 \u0219i ca invitat\u0103 a domnitorului fanariot Mavrogheni. P\u0103r\u0103se\u0219te palatul la ora 11 noaptea, \u00eenso\u021bit\u0103 de 100 de masalagii. Peripe\u021biile acestei c\u0103l\u0103torii aventuroase sunt povestite \u00een cartea “A Journey through the Crimea to Constantinople in a series of letters\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tot excentricul domnitor Mavrogheni instituie un regulament care poate fi considerat \u00eenceputtul iluminatului public bucure\u0219tean. Pe podul Mogo\u0219oaiei p\u00e2n\u0103 la Curtea Veche planteaz\u0103 la fiecare a \u0219aptea cas\u0103 st\u00e2lpi \u00een care sunt puse lum\u00e2n\u0103ri cu seu<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cenceputul iluminatului public<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Despre \u00eenceputurile iluminatului public scrie colonelul Dimitrie Papazoglu \u00een \u201cIstoria fond\u0103rei ora\u015fului Bucure\u015fti\u201d<\/a>. Acesta aminte\u015fte de pitore\u0219tii masalagii care continuau s\u0103 existe, paralel cu modernizarea, men\u021bion\u00e2nd \u0219i existen\u021ba unor felinare. \u201cIluminatul Capitalei se f\u0103cea cu lum\u00e2n\u0103ri de seu \u00een felinare, iar boierii cei mari umblau noaptea cu masalaua (tor\u0163a), compus\u0103 din zdren\u0163e muiate \u00een p\u0103cur\u0103 \u015fi puse \u00een gr\u0103tare de fier, purtate \u00een spinare de \u0163igani masalagii, robii lor, \u015fi aceasta din cauza stradelor cele podite cu b\u00e2rne\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Secolul al XIX-lea. \u00cenceputul modernit\u0103\u021bii<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00cencep\u00e2nd cu mijlocul secolului al XIX-lea, introducerea  iluminatului artificial a antrenat schimb\u0103ri comportamentale foarte importante, uneori radicale. S-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat ini\u0163ial \u00een marile centre urbane, \u00een cazul nostru Bucure\u0219ti apoi, progresiv, \u00een centrele urbane mai mici. Printre diferitele func\u0163ii ale iluminatului se reg\u0103se\u015fte, desigur, iluminarea locurilor deschise \u015fi publice (str\u0103zi, pie\u0163e, etc.). Se constat\u0103 o dispari\u0163ie progresiv\u0103 a diferen\u0163ei \u00eentre interioarele luminate \u015fi exteriorul, aflat at\u00e2t de mult timp sub imperiul obscurit\u0103\u0163ii. \u00cenainte de a ajunge la iluminatul electric, at\u00e2t de banal azi, au existat sisteme de iluminat cu gaz \u0219i cu petrol lampant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iluminat cu focuri de paz\u0103<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Cu toate c\u0103 domnii fanario\u021bi par preocupa\u021bi de iluminatul public, ora\u0219ul r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een \u00eentuneric \u00een cea mai mare parte a sa. Germanul Richard Kumish, cel care va pune \u00een circula\u021bie multe basme rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti, consemneaz\u0103 \u00een 1866, \u00eentr-o carte tip\u0103rit\u0103 la Berlin mai multe impresii din c\u0103l\u0103toria sa \u00een Balcani \u00een care apar relat\u0103ri despre iluminatul capitalei noastre. \u201dC\u00e2nd se las\u0103 \u00eentunericul aproape c\u0103 nu distingi de la dep\u0103rtare dac\u0103 e\u0219ti \u00een fa\u021ba unei biserici sau a unei case. La cap\u0103tul unei pie\u021be se z\u0103re\u0219te p\u00e2lp\u00e2ind c\u00e2te o flac\u0103r\u0103; sunt oare focuri de bivuac? Nu, sunt focurile de paz\u0103 a c\u0103ror lumin\u0103 sp\u0103l\u0103cit\u0103 sluje\u0219te, prin contrast, s\u0103 accentueze \u0219i mai mult impresia \u00eentunericului ce domne\u0219te \u00eenprejur. \u00cenc\u0103 patruzeci, cincizeci de pa\u0219i mai \u00eenainte-\u00ee\u0219i continu\u0103 drumul nocturn temerarul trec\u0103tor \u2013 \u0219i am ajuns \u00een strada care se m\u0103rgine\u0219te cu pia\u021ba. Dar ace\u0219ti pa\u0219i au fost deajuns s\u0103 m\u0103 transporte \u00een alt\u0103 lume. Ce contrast! Mai \u00eenainte numai \u00eentuneric, ziduri pr\u0103bu\u0219ite, \u021bigani zdren\u021b\u0103ro\u0219i, de te-ai fi crezut departe la o sut\u0103 de mile de hotarele civilza\u021biei \u0219i acum dintr-o dat\u0103, de jur \u00eemprejur, te \u00eenconjoar\u0103 luxul \u0219i splendoarea capitalei ultrarafinate. De\u0219i strada nu era prea luminat\u0103, totu\u0219i o lumin\u0103 de zi venea de la ferestrele palatelor \u0219i de la vitrinele magazinelor\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bucure\u015ftiul, primul ora\u015f iluminat cu petrol lampant<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
Lampagiu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen a doua jum\u0103tate a secolui al XIX-lea. situa\u021bia se schimb\u0103. Bucure\u0219tiul este din punct de vedere al iluminatului public unul dintre cele mai moderne ora\u0219e europene. Pe data de 30 aprilie 1857, devine primul ora\u0219 iluminat cu petrol lampant. \u00centr-o fotografie de epoc\u0103 \u00a0vedem un lampagiu aprinz\u00e2nd felinarul \u00een Pia\u021ba Universit\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
V\u00e2nz\u0103tori de petrol lampant<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0218i documentele sunt mai numeroase acum. Afl\u0103m din situa\u021bii statistice c\u0103 \u00een1871, \u00een Bucure\u015fti erau 785 de felinare cu l\u0103mpi de petrol lampant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odat\u0103 cu introducerea l\u0103mpilor cu diver\u0219i combustibili, \u00een Bucure\u015fti a ap\u0103rut \u015fi o nou\u0103 meserie, cea de lampagiu. Nu era o meserie u\u0219oar\u0103, lampagii \u00ee\u015fi petreceau zilele urc\u00e2nd \u0219i cobor\u00e2nd de pe st\u00e2lpi. Datoria lor era s\u0103 mearg\u0103 ziua, cu scara, din st\u00e2lp \u00een st\u00e2lp, la fiecare felinar, s\u0103-i \u015ftearg\u0103 geamurile cu o c\u00e2rp\u0103, s\u0103 cur\u0103\u0163e l\u0103mpile, s\u0103 potriveasc\u0103 fitilul cu foarfeca. Seara reluau acela\u0219i drum din lamp\u0103-\u00een lamp\u0103 pentru ca s\u0103 le aprind\u0103. Unele nu ardeau din cauza gazului, altele, \u00een grab\u0103, erau uitate neaprinse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Calea Victoriei, iluminat cu gaz<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modul \u00een care \u00ee\u0219i f\u0103ceau datoria lampagii era verificat de Poli\u021bie. \u015ei, tot a\u015fa, zi de zi, iluminatul uli\u0163elor cu gaz se f\u0103cea cu g\u0103zoaie. B\u0103tr\u00e2nele l\u0103mpi cu fitil \u015fi rezervor cu petrol. Lampagii au putut fi v\u0103zu\u021bi p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een noiembrie 1871 c\u00e2nd, pe str\u0103zile centrale, au fost instalate felinare cu gaz aerian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iluminatul cu gaz aerian<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen a doua jum\u0103tate a secolului al XIX-lea., Bucure\u0219tiul devine una dintre cele mai moderne capitale europene. Este unul din primele ora\u0219e care intoduc iluminatul public cu gaz aerian. Ne putem imagina senza\u021bia pe care au st\u00e2rnit-o primele felinare, de la \u00eenceputurile iluminatului cu gaz citindu-l pe Constantin Bacalba\u015fa. \u00cen volumul \u201cBucurescii de alt\u0103dat\u0103\u201d acesta scrie: \u201cNoi, elevii cei mari din cursul liceal, am fost sco\u015fi de pe Calea Victoriei s\u0103 vedem minunea. Pedagogii ne \u00eenso\u0163eau. Am trecut pe Sm\u00e2rdan, prin Lipscani, pe Calea Victoriei. Pe aceste str\u0103zi era iluminatul cu gaz<\/em>. De\u015fi sita Auer nu exista \u00eenc\u0103, de\u015fi l\u0103mpile ardeau cu flac\u0103ra limpede \u00een evantai, cu o lumin\u0103 galben\u0103 \u015fi tremur\u0103toare, totu\u015fi, era mare progresul<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fotografie a Podului Mogo\u0219oaiei realizat\u0103 de Franz Duschek \u00een 1874[3]<\/a>. Se obsev\u0103 pe ambele laturi ale str\u0103zii felinarele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen sf\u00e2r\u015fit, iluminatul electric stradal<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen anul 1882, Inginerul Henry Slade pune in functiune prima termocentral\u0103 din \u0163ara noastr\u0103. Este echipat\u0103 cu generatoare electrice de curent continuu tip brush si cazane cu aburi. Centrala a fost construit\u0103 pe locul actualei Biblioteci Centrale Universitare (peste drum de Palatul Regal). Curentul electric era transmis, prin LEA (linie electrica aeriana), cu conductori de cupru \u015fi izolatori de por\u0163elan. Era lung\u0103 de 3km \u015fi o tensiune de 2kV. Alimenta Palatul Regal din Calea Victoriei, iluminatul exterior al Teatrului National, Gr\u0103dina Ci\u015fmigiu \u015fi Palatul Cotroceni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Diferite solu\u0163ii de iluminat secolul XIX<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tot \u00een 1882 a fost introdus iluminatul public electric stradal iar dup\u0103 10 ani a fost construit\u0103 uzina electric\u0103 Groz\u0103ve\u015fti. La proiectarea \u0219i construc\u021bia acestei uzine au avut o contribu\u021bie important\u0103 inginerii Elie Radu \u0219i Dimitrie Leonida. Uzina electric\u0103 de la Groz\u0103ve\u0219ti a avut un rol important \u0219i \u00een introducerea primului tramvai electric.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Azi, b\u0103tr\u00e2na uzin\u0103 este amplasat\u0103 pe Cheiul D\u00e2mbovi\u021bei. Se afl\u0103 \u00een zona central\u0103 a capitalei, gard \u00een gard cu Gr\u0103dina botanic\u0103 \u0219i aproape de Palatul Cotroceni. \u00cen mare parte dezafectat\u0103 \u0219i mai pu\u021bin spectaculoas\u0103 din punct de vedere arhitectural, ar putea deveni totu\u0219i un spa\u021biu urban interesant<\/a>. A\u0219a cum s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat cu galeria New Tate din Londra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Interior galeria New Tate, interior dintr-o hal\u0103 industrial\u0103, Londra<\/em>, foto: wikimedia.org<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Secolul XX<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen primul an al secolului XX, \u00een 1901 o statistic\u0103 st\u0103 m\u0103rturie despre evolu\u021bia sistemelor de iluminat public. Iat\u0103 cum ar\u0103ta aceasta: 3.060 de felinare cu petrol, 990 \u2013 cu ulei mineral, 4.000 \u2013 cu gaz aerian, iar 200 l\u0103mpi cu arc voltaic, adic\u0103 becuri electrice). Iluminatul public, mult timp un apanaj al zonelor central, se extinde spre zone de margine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diferite sisteme de iluminat coexist\u0103 \u00een Bucure\u0219tiul \u0219i dup\u0103 Primul R\u0103zboi Mondial. \u00centr-un recens\u0103m\u00e2nt \u00eentocmit dup\u0103 Primul R\u0103zboi Mondial, \u00een anul 1923, se arat\u0103 c\u0103 Bucure\u015ftii aveau 2.398 de str\u0103zi din care 1.873 erau c u gaz aerian, 123 \u2013 cu petrol, 24 de str\u0103zi aveau iluminat electric, alte 5 str\u0103zi aveau at\u00e2t felinare cu gaz, c\u00e2t \u015fi electricitate, iar 370 \u2013 erau \u00een bezn\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O uzin\u0103 electric\u0103<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
Uzina electric\u0103 Filaret<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deazvoltarea ora\u0219ului necesit\u0103 construirea unei uzine electrice \u0219i astfel se construie\u0219te Uzina Filaret. Uzina a fost pus\u0103 in func\u021biune in 1908 \u0219i dezafectat\u0103 \u00een anii \u201970. Este o cl\u0103dire Impresionant\u0103 din c\u0103r\u0103mid\u0103 ro\u0219ie, neobi\u0219nuit de frumoas\u0103 pentru o cl\u0103dire industrial\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Detalii arhitecturale, Uzina Filaret<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elegan\u0163a arcurilor de la ferestre, detalii care \u021bin de ornamentica arhitectural\u0103 a cl\u0103dirilor publice din secolul al XIX-lea, frontoanele, toate sunt elemente care \u00eendrept\u0103\u021besc inten\u021biile de valorificare \u0219i remodelare a acestei cl\u0103diri, a\u0219a cum s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat cu imobilul Bursei de M\u0103rfuri, aflat \u00een apropiere. Cu toate acestea soarta ei este asem\u0103n\u0103toare cu a multor cl\u0103diri ce ilustreaz\u0103 evolu\u021bia industrial\u0103 a Bucure\u0219tiului. Fiind \u00eenc\u0103 p\u0103r\u0103sit\u0103, cl\u0103direa se degradeaz\u0103 de la zi la zi. Ne amintim \u00eenc\u0103 o dat\u0103 de exemplul galeriei New Tate, organizat\u0103 \u00eentr-o veche central\u0103 termic\u0103 \u0219i ne g\u00e2ndim c\u0103 vechea cl\u0103dire este chiar mai frumoas\u0103 \u0219i mai interesant\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Galeria New Tate, Londra, foto: wikimedia.org<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Modernitatea<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

De\u0219i la Bucure\u0219ti preocuparea pentru iluminatul public apare mai t\u00e2rziu dec\u00e2t \u00een alte capitale europene, spre sf\u00e2r\u0219itul secolului al XIX ora\u0219ul se situeaz\u0103 printre cele mai moderne capitale. Din p\u0103cate, epoca comunist\u0103 scufund\u0103 iara\u0219i Bucure\u0219tiul \u00een \u00eentuneric.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Iluminat stradal pe Calea Doroban\u0163ilor. Foto: Luxten<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dup\u0103 1990, exist\u0103 o preocupare constant\u0103 de upgradare a sistemului de iluminat \u0219i de introducere a unor instal\u021bii ecologice. O alt\u0103 modificare semnificativ\u0103 const\u0103 \u0219i \u00een diversificarea sistemelor de iluminat \u0219i a obiectivelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Iluminat stradal \u00een Centru Vechi <\/em>, solu\u0163ii cu felinare ce \u0163in seam\u0103 de contextul arhitectural. Foto: Luxten<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen trecut preocuparea principal\u0103 se referea la asigurarea unei lumini corespunz\u0103toare pentru str\u0103zi \u0219i pie\u021be. Acum aceasta se extinde \u0219i asupra unor zone aflate \u00eentre privat \u0219i public cum ar fi stadioane, gr\u0103dini, parcuri, fa\u021bade ale unor cl\u0103diri importante. Pentru iluminatul stradal se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 proiecte moderne precum \u015fi \u00een cazul iluminatului arhitectural al unor edificii simbol. Este a\u015fteptat\u0103 \u015fi implementarea unor proiecte \u015fi solu\u0163ii de iluminat public conform standardelor Smart Cities care aduc \u015fi un plus de siguran\u0163\u0103 \u00een circula\u0163ia pe timp de noapte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Iluminat stradal <\/em> pe Bulevardul Magheru, Foto: Luxten<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Felul \u00een care noi, ca locuitori ai ora\u0219ului rela\u021bion\u0103m cu o fa\u021bad\u0103 este determinat nu doar de elementele arhitecturale \u0219i materialele utilizate. Ci \u0219i de lumin\u0103, de direc\u021bia \u0219i culoarea sa<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li>
  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li><\/ul>
    Iluminat arhitectural Palatul \u015eu\u0163u \u015fi Hotel Athenee Palace, Foto: Lucedomotica<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    Iluminat arhitectural Ateneul Rom\u00e2n<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    Iluminat arhitectural, Palatul CEC<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Aspectul unei fa\u021bade se modific\u0103 \u00een cursul zilei datorit\u0103 direc\u0163iei de schimbare a luminii \u0219i a diferitelor componente ale luminii difuze \u0219i directe. Poate deveni deosebit de spectaculoas\u0103 \u015fi atractiv\u0103 noaptea datorit\u0103 iluminatului electric.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Maria Alexe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Azi c\u00e2nd Bucure\u0219iului este plin de reclame luminoase \u0219i num\u0103r\u0103 printre atrac\u021biile sale \u0219i o<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14713,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[2922,2918,2915,415,2920,2919,2914,2921,2924,2925,2917,2923],"class_list":["post-14708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lifestyle","tag-felinare","tag-felinare-cu-gaz","tag-ilumina-arhitectural","tag-iluminat","tag-iluminat-cu-gaz-si-cu-petrol-lampant","tag-iluminat-electric","tag-iluminat-public","tag-lampagii","tag-lampi-cu-arc-voltaic","tag-lampi-cu-fitil","tag-masala","tag-smart-cities"],"yoast_head":"\nO 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